34th Infantry “Red Bull” Division Plaque
Details:
The plaque is located on the left front pedestal of the city of Nettuno War Memorial.
A brass plaque about 18” x 18”.
The 34th “Red Bull” Division fought in N. Africa, Sicily and on mainland Italy from the Salerno landings through the end of the war breaking through the Gothic Line in the Northern Apennines and Po Valley. The division saw difficult combat on the most difficult of terrain. From the Minnesota Military Museum:
The 34th, now part of General Mark Clark's 5th Army, arrived at Salerno a few weeks later. From there it advanced slowly northward through mountainous terrain, freezing wet weather, and the turbulent Volturno River (crossed three times), capturing Montemilleto and Benevento in the process. The objective was to push the German army off the "Gustav Line," a formidable chain of German defensive positions that spanned the Italian peninsula above Naples.
Fighting along the route was as hard and unforgiving as ever to face an army, but the Germans were gradually pushed back as, one by one, the strategic objectives were taken: Monte Pantano, San Vittore, Monte Chiaia, Monte Trocchio, the Rapido River. Bitter hand-to-hand combat was often needed to root the enemy out of his holes in the mountains, and the men frequently fought in regions that could only be supplied by animal pack trains. Then came the long, grim assault on Monte Cassino, the most heavily fortified keystone of the Gustav Line. Taking Cassino would open a way into the Liri Valley beyond. After months of bombardment, the division attacked the town of Cassino and the network of hills surrounding it. They attempted to storm the ancient abbey itself, but the Germans defied all attempts to wrest control of it. It took the force of 20 Allied divisions to finally drive the Germans out in May.
In the brutal winter fighting of 1943-44, the Red Bull lost thousands of its infantrymen. Finally relieved in mid-February and given a month's rest, the 34th was sent into action again in March—this time to Anzio. While still fighting for Cassino, Allied commanders had decided to by-pass the Gustav Line and establish a narrow beachhead at Anzio, but powerful German attacks were preventing Allied forces from moving inland. The division's breakout finally came May 23, followed by Cisterno, Lanuvio, and the drive on Rome. Men of the 135th Regiment were among the first to enter the city on June 4, 1944, and mopped up snipers that evening in the vicinity of the Coliseum. The 133rd Regiment, in the meantime, was taking the vital port of Civitavecchia northwest of Rome. Elsewhere, off the coast of Normandy, Allies were about to invade France. Germany was now defending itself on three fronts.
After Rome, the division continued its drive up the western shore of Italy through heavily entrenched German positions. Resistance was dogged but declining in strength as the 34th rooted Germans out of Civitavecchia, Belvedere, San Vincenzo, Cecina, Rosignano, Livorno (Leghorn), and Pisa, among others. The Arno River came next, then the Gothic Line along the Apennines, and finally a bold campaign for the Po River Valley, which contained most of Italy's war industries.
The last big offensive took place in April 1945 as the division moved further into the Po Valley. The German army’s retreat become a rout as their supplies ran out, and on May 2, 1945, the remnants of the LXXV German Corps, totaling over 40,000 men, surrendered to the Red Bulls near Milan (ironically, the surrendered troops included the 34th German Division). The war in Europe came to an end a few days later, with some elements of the division on the borders of France and Switzerland.
Several 34th Infantry Division soldiers were awarded the Medal of Honor in WW2; three during Operation Shingle. One of these soldiers was 1LT Beryl Newman Company F, 2d Battalion, 133d Infantry, 34th Infantry Division for action on May 26, 1944 near Cisterna, Italy. Tech Sergeant Ernest Dervishian, 133rd Infantry Regiment, was also awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions near Cisterna in May 1944.
Monument Text:
The text is in English and in Italian. The English reads:
34th Red Bull
THIS PLAQUE IS DEDICATED TO THE
MEMORY OF THOSE AMERICANS AND
ITALIANS WHO JOINED TOGETHER TO BRING
FREEDOM TO THIS COUNTRY. LET THE
SACRIFICE OF THE SOLDIERS AND
CIVILIANS WHO DIED IN WORLD WAR II
NEVER BE FORGOTTEN.
SEPTEMBER 1943- MAY 1945
PRESENTED BY THE 34TH DIVISION ASSOCIATION MAY 1997
Commemorates:
People:
Units:
133rd Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division
135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division
168th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division
34th Infantry Division
5th Army
Wars:
WWII
Battles:
Anzio
Italian Campaign
Operation Shingle
Other images :