100th Battalion (442nd Regiment) Marker
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Details:
The marker is located on the riverbank, on the right as you arrive on the site. It is the marker farthest to the left (next to a sculpture and a bell).
A bronze plaque mounted to a large rock on the bank of the Gari (Rapido) River. The top of the marker includes a smaller plague indicating that the marker was provided by the French city of Biffontaine (Vosges, France), where the 100thBattalion also fought in October 1944. (See American War Memorials Site Biffontaine for more about the 100thBattalion in France!)
The 100thBattalion, attached to the 34th“Red Bull” Division was part of the attempt to attack across the Rapido River near this site (also known as the 1stBattle of Monte Cassino). The 100thsuffered badly in the battle and three soldiers won Silver Stars in the action:Platoon Sgt. John Miyagawa and Sgt. Gary Hisaoka of C Company and Captain Mits Fukuda of A Company.
With the exception of a few of its officers, the 100th Infantry Battalion was the first combat unit in U.S. Army history to be comprised exclusively of second generation (Nisei) Japanese Americans. During its 18 months in combat, the 100th Battalion buried 342 of its men. For its service to America, the 100th was honored with 3 Presidential Unit Citations, 30 Division Commendations, 1703 Purple Hearts, 8 Congressional Medals of Honor, 17 Distinguished Service Crosses, 147 Silver Stars, 238 Bronze Stars for Valor, 8 Soldiers Medals, 9 Legions of Merit, and 2,173 Bronze Stars for meritorious service. The unit was unofficially nicknamed the Purple Heart Battalion, with the motto "Remember Pearl Harbor" and "Go for Broke", which was later adopted by other Japanese-American units.
From the Center for Military History: The 100th Infantry Battalion/442 Regimental Combat Team, made up of mostly Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the concentration camps on the mainland, became legendary because of their exploits in Europe during World War II. In just 225 days of combat between 1944-45, the 442nd compiled a remarkable record and became the most decorated unit for its size and length of service in American military history. The 4,000 men who initially came in April 1943 had to be replaced nearly 2.5 times. In total, about 14,000 men served, ultimately earning 9,486 Purple Hearts , 21 Medals of Honor and an unprecedented eight Presidential Unit Citations.
The first Japanese American combat unit was the 100th BN, which was formed in June 1942. The unit was composed of Hawaiian volunteers and draftees. After extended training in Camp McCoy in Wisconsin and Camp Shelby in Mississippi, they were sent to Italy where they fought in numerous battles such as Anzio. The 100th Battalion's high casualty rate at Anzio and Monte Cassino earned the unit the nickname, "Purple Heart Battalion."
Perhaps the most famous of the 442nd accomplishments was the heroic rescue of the Texas "Lost Battalion" which had been caught behind enemy lines. In a ferocious battle, the 442nd suffered over 800 casualties (including 184 killed) to rescue 211 members of the Texas battalion. (See American War Memorials Biffontaine site for more on the “Lost Battalion)
Monument Text:
Top marker in French:
Ce Monument
A été offort
par la Municipalité
de Biffontaine
Vosges France
Inauguré
Le 20 Mai 1990
Translation in English:
The monument
was donated by the
Town of
Biffontaine
Vosges, France
Inaugurated
The 20thof May 1990
Lower Marker (Bronze) in French:
A LA MEMOIRE ET L’HONNEUR
POUR LES HOMMES DU 100eme
BATTAILLON D’INFANTERIE
ARMEE DES STAS UNIS
5eme ARMY ALLIES
2eme GUERRE MONDIALE
Translation in English:
TO THE MEMORY AND HONOR
OF THE MEN OF THE 100th
INFANTRY BATTALION
UNITED STATES ARMY
5THALLIED ARMY
2ndWORLD WAR
Commemorates:
People:
Units:
100th Infantry Battalion
100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)
100th Infantry Battalion, 442 Infantry Regiment
34th Infantry Division
5th Army
United States Army
Wars:
WWII
Battles:
Cassino
Italian Campaign
Operation Shingle
Other images :